Fuel oil is also called heavy oil, residue oil, for black brown viscous combustible liquid, viscosity moderate, good fuel performance, high calorific value. Used for boiler fuel, good atomization, complete fuel, less carbon and ash, less corrosion. Higher flash point, safer storage and use.
Fuel oil is a kind of refined oil produced from crude oil, which is widely used in Marine boiler fuel, heating furnace fuel, metallurgical furnace and other industrial furnace fuel. Fuel oil is mainly made of petroleum cracking residuum oil and straight running residuum oil, characterized by high viscosity, non-hydrocarbon compounds, gelatinous, asphaltene. The main technical indexes of fuel oil are viscosity, sulfur content, flash point, water, ash, and mechanical impurities.
1.Viscosity: Viscosity is the most important performance index of fuel oil and the main basis for grading fuel oil. It is a measure of fluidity resistance, and its size indicates the fluidity, pumpability and atomization of fuel oil. At present, the domestic more commonly used is 40℃ kinematic viscosity (distillate fuel oil) and 100℃ kinematic viscosity (residual fuel oil). In the past, the standard of fuel oil industry in China used Engler viscosity (80℃, 100℃) as the quality control index, and the grade was divided by 80℃ kinematic viscosity. Kinematic viscosity of oil is the ratio of dynamic viscosity to density of oil. The unit of kinematic viscosity is Stokes, or Stokes for short. The dynamic viscosity is 1 Stokes when the fluid has a dynamic viscosity of 1 berth and a density of 1g/cm3. CST is short for Centistockes, meaning one hundredth of a Stokes.
2.Sulfur content. Excessive sulfur content in fuel oil can cause corrosion of metal equipment and environmental pollution. According to the sulfur content, fuel oil can be divided into high sulfur, medium sulfur and low sulfur fuel oil.
3.Flash point. Is concerned with the use of safety indicators, too low flash point will bring fire hazards.
4.Moisture. The presence of water will affect the freezing point of fuel oil, which will rise gradually with the increase of water content. In addition, water will also affect the combustion performance of fuel oil machinery, may cause the furnace fire, stop the furnace and other accidents.
5.Ash content. Ash content is the remaining part that cannot be burned after combustion, especially when FCC circulating oil and slurry are added to fuel oil, silica and aluminum catalyst powder will accelerate the wear of pump and valve. In addition, ash will also cover the boiler heating surface, so that the heat transfer becomes bad.
6.Mechanical impurities. Mechanical impurities can clog the filter screen, causing wear on the pump and blockage of the nozzle, affecting the normal combustion.
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